Autosomal: Both alleles of a particular gene are involved in controlling the autosomal trait. X-linked: The alleles in the X chromosome are often involved in the determination of the X-linked trait. Autosomal: Autosomal traits equally affect both sexes.
X-linked: X-linked traits often affect male individuals. Autosomal: Autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive are the two types of autosomal inheritance. X-linked: X-linked dominant and X-linked recessive are the two types of autosomal inheritance. Autosomal: Male-to-male transmission is observed in autosomal dominant inheritance. X-linked: Male-to-male transmission is not observed in X-linked dominant inheritance.
Autosomal: Autosomal inheritance is somewhat difficult to understand within generations. X-linked: X-linked inheritance is easy to understand within generations. X-linked: Hemophilia, and color blindness are X-linked traits. Autosomal and X-linked are two types of inheritance patterns that describe the inheritance of genes over generations. Autosomal inheritance describes the inheritance of the genes in the autosome. X-lined inheritance describes the genes in one of the sex chromosomes.
Possible Answers: Autosomal dominant. Correct answer: Autosomal dominant. Explanation : The first generation shows an affected father and an unaffected mother. As such, the allele for the disease must be autosomal dominant. Possible Answers: must be recessive. Correct answer: must be recessive. Explanation : If an autosomal trait skips a generation, it must be recessive; however, if an autosomal trait does not skip a generation, it can be either recessive or dominant.
Which of the following statements about X-linked traits is true? Possible Answers: They can be passed from father to son. There are more genetic diseases carried by the Y chromosome than the X chromosome. Correct answer: They generally affect more males than females. Explanation : Because males only have one X chromosome, while females have two, they are more likely to be affected by a problematic X chromosome.
Possible Answers: Inheritance of the mother's Y-chromosome. Correct answer: Inheritance of the father's Y-chromosome. Explanation : If only males display the disorder, it is most likely a Y-linked genetic disorder. Possible Answers: Aneuploidy. Correct answer: Aneuploidy. Explanation : Aneuploidy is a chromosomal condition in which there are an abnormal number of chromosomes in the cells of the body.
Possible Answers: A carrier mother and a colorblind father have a daughter who is born colorblind. A colorblind mother and normal father have a daughter who is a carrier for the condition. A carrier mother and a normal father have a son who is born with colorblindness. A genotypically normal mother and a colorblind father have a son who is also colorblind.
Correct answer: A genotypically normal mother and a colorblind father have a son who is also colorblind. Explanation : X-linked disorders are inherited when a parent passes on his or her X-chromosome. All other presented answer represent scenarios that are possible.
Possible Answers:. Correct answer:. Explanation : The Punnett square below represents the couple's possible offspring, with the mother having genotype and the father having genotype. Disease P in the figure above is inherited in what manner? Possible Answers: The mode of inheritance cannot be determined. Correct answer: X-linked recessive. Explanation : The first generation shows us a father with the disease and a mother without the disease.
Possible Answers: Mother: Father:. Mother: Father:. Correct answer: Mother: Father:. Explanation : We know that red eyes are the dominant allele, which means white eyes are the recessive allele.
White-eye daughters: White-eye sons: Each parent must have at least one recessive, white-eye allele. Father: Since one parent has white eyes and the other has red eyes, we know the mother must have red eyes. Mother: From this cross, we are able to get the percentages reported in the question. Copyright Notice.
There are two types of autosomal inheritance: autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance.
In autosomal recessive inheritance, the trait is expressed only when the homozygous condition exists, and both parents must carry the recessive alleles in order to express it. Likewise, the autosomal inheritance causes most hereditary disorders that occur among the people. Sex-linked inheritance is due to the transmission of sex genes in X and Y chromosomes.
Whereas, autosomal inheritance is due to the transmission of genes in autosomes or non-sex determining chromosomes. So, this is the key difference between sex-linked and autosomal. Unlike sex-linked inheritance, autosomal inheritance affects males and females with equal frequencies. Therefore, we can consider this too as a difference between sex-linked and autosomal. Moreover, a further difference between sex-linked and autosomal is the types of each inheritance.
There are two types of sex-linked inheritance as sex-linked recessive and sex-linked dominant inheritance while there are two types of autosomal inheritance as autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant inheritance. In females who have two X chromosomes , a variant in one of the two copies of the gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. Females may experience less severe symptoms of the disorder than males.
A characteristic of X-linked inheritance is that fathers cannot pass X-linked traits to their sons no male-to-male transmission. X-linked recessive disorders are also caused by variants in genes on the X chromosome. In males who have only one X chromosome , one altered copy of the gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the condition.
In females who have two X chromosomes , a variant would have to occur in both copies of the gene to cause the disorder. Because it is unlikely that females will have two altered copies of this gene, males are affected by X-linked recessive disorders much more frequently than females. Because the inheritance pattern of many X-linked disorders is not clearly dominant or recessive, some experts suggest that conditions be considered X-linked rather than X-linked dominant or X-linked recessive.
X-linked disorders are caused by variants in genes on the X chromosome , one of the two sex chromosomes in each cell. In males who have only one X chromosome , an alteration in the only copy of the gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the condition.
In females who have two X chromosomes , one altered copy of the gene usually leads to less severe health problems than those in affected males, or it may cause no signs or symptoms at all. A condition is considered Y-linked if the altered gene that causes the disorder is located on the Y chromosome , one of the two sex chromosomes in each of a male's cells.
Because only males have a Y chromosome, in Y-linked inheritance, a variant can only be passed from father to son. Y chromosome infertility , some cases of Swyer syndrome. In codominant inheritance , two different versions alleles of a gene are expressed, and each version makes a slightly different protein.
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